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The Borova Hora Arboretum (ABH) is located in the central basin of the river Hron, between 48 ° 35'42'' to 48 ° 36'06''N and 19 ° 07'58'' to 19 ° 10'00''E of the eastern longitude. It is spread over the southwest slopes of Zvolen Upland, which is one of the geomorphological units of the Zvolen basin. The territory has the character of upland with an altitude range of 291 m to 377 m.
From a climatic point of view, the ABH belongs to a warm, slightly humid area, with a cold winter. The main climatic characteristics based on long-term averages, found from the values measured directly in the ABH from 1978 to 2004 are as follows: average annual temperature +8.8 ° C, mean temperature in the vegetation period +15.6 ° C, average annual rainfall total of 640 mm, the average rainfall in the vegetation period of 399 mm (Lukáčik et al., 2005).
The average meteorological characteristics for the years 2005 – 2014 showed that over the 10 years, the average annual temperature increased by 0.6 ° C, in the vegetation period by 0.7 ° C, and the average rainfall by 12.2 mm. On the contrary, the average rainfall in the vegetation period decreased by 21.4 mm compared to the average values for the years 1978 – 2004 (Sarvašová, 2015).
The maximum air temperature + 37.3 ° C was measured in the ABH on 18 July 2007, the minimum air temperature -27.1 ° C on 8 January 1985 (www.tuzvo.sk, regional meteorological stations).
Pedagogical survey of the ABH, the main soil-forming substrate is the tuffited material. The west and northwest of the ABH is created by travertine or slopes of travertine with a loess or creamy gravel. In the northwest part, there are travertines or slope travertine with the admixture of loess or silicon gravel; the flat of northern part is created by the soil-forming substrates which are predominantly from medium-sized floodplains of the river Hron.
As a result of the variability of soil-forming substrates, a varied mosaic-like soil cover was developed in the area of the ABH, representing various species of pararendzin, cambisem and luvizeme, smaller surfaces are also occupied by fluvisols and gleysols. Pararendzins are represented mainly in the western and northwest parts of the ABH, formed from travertine, mixed travertine or loess and tuffited material. The campsite was created and taken from the slopes of tuffited material with the admixture of loam clay or gravel. The fluvisols were created on the alluvial sediments of the river Hron and gleysols were created in the smaller soggy areas. (Fig. 1,974 ex Lukáčik et al. 2015).
The results of the floristic research in the ABH show more than 300 taxonomies of the original vascular plants. Most of these are grassland habitats, some of them belong to the biotopes of fragmentary forest residues. The residues of the original limestone are preserved in the dry places predominantly oriented to the southwest. Approximately 600 species of macromolecules were recorded in the detailed mycological survey.
Due to the terrain and the environmental conditions, the fauna of the ABH is rich and varied. In the ABH territory have been recorded 118 species of birds and several species of amphibians, reptiles and mammals.